刑事侦查综合训练教学模式改革探索

为了更好地培养刑事侦查专业学员的实践操作能力,培养实战能力强的应用型公安专门人才,我们提出了"以刑事案件侦查的主要环节为切入点。通过改革,形成了"四环节、三结合"的训练模式。四环节即犯罪现场勘查环节,案情分析及采取侦查措施环节,审讯及证据审查环节,刑事侦查卷宗制作、评阅环节;三结合即训练过程考核,训练效果考核,刑事侦查卷宗考核结合来做出评价。在训练过程中,始终坚持"一体化、综合化、全程化",坚持"一案到底",形成了适应新形势的刑事侦查综合训练教学模式和教学体系。     

涉税犯罪案件侦查案例训练模式新探

文章在公安教育体制改革的大背景下,基于当前税侦教学中普遍采用的＂案情简介＂训练模式实战吻合度低的现状,通过总结＂案情简介＂训练模式的弱点并结合税侦实践和教学规律提出了一套紧密贴近实战的训练方案——＂税案卷宗研析＂。该套训练方案内容主要包括：真实税案卷宗浏览、证据识别与分类、证据合法性与关联性分析、证据证明力研判、证据相互印证度研判、取证来源与取证方法讨论、基于证据的案件法律事实构建以及相关法律文书的撰写。     

浅析不作为犯罪的义务来源

不作为犯罪是我国刑事犯罪的重要组成部分,它与作为犯罪一样具有严重的社会危害性。研究不作为犯罪,首先要明确不作为犯罪的义务来源,不作为犯罪的义务来源是不作为犯罪的核心问题,它包括四个方面:法律明文规定的义务,先行行为引起的义务,职务或业务上要求的义务以及法律行为引起的义务。除此之外,道德义务不应成为不作为犯罪的义务来源。     

行业协会腐败治理及其刑事责任追究

行业协会有一定的行政管理和服务职能,也有经费来源,故有腐败的条件。行业协会腐败形式多样,对行业协会腐败的治理措施主要是政社分开、加强监管以及对腐败活动追究行政和刑事责任。其中,《刑法》对以个人名义进行的腐败活动有相应的罪名惩处,而很多腐败活动以协会名义进行,《刑法》缺乏对这类腐败的罪名规定。要提高对行业协会腐败治理的效果,应在《刑法》中增设相应的行业协会单位犯罪的罪名。     

Intergenerational offending in Liverpool and the north-west of England, 1850–1914

Using contemporary sources from the north-west of England in the Victorian period, the authors examine the putative connections made by contemporaries which linked together ‘bad’ parenting and the transmission of criminal traits. Poor parenting practices were a prevalent explanation for juvenile (leading onto sustained) delinquency, especially in the mid to late nineteenth century. Popular narratives by Charles Dickens and media opinion-formers were very influential in depicting neglectful mothers who did not socialise their children into law-abiding, useful members of society, and criminal fathers who inducted their children into their own criminal affairs and organisations. This article examines the reality of intergenerational offending (using prison- and court-generated data) to show that there is very little convincing research that proves direct intergenerational transmission of offending practices (i.e. parent-to-child-offending transmission). The authors then examine other possible routes of intergenerational offending using case studies and archival research, and the article concludes that environmental/socio-economic conditions and wider familial/neighbourhood relationships were, in fact, the main trigger for onset of offending, and the maintenance of criminal careers, rather than direct familial transmission. The article is therefore an important marker in understanding the processes which inhibit/generate criminality in a significant number of juvenile offenders in this period.     

Recidivist criminal behaviour and executive functions: a comparative study

This study sought to analyse the relation between executive functions and criminal recidivism. We assessed a set of cognitive abilities associated with executive functioning in a group of recidivist offenders (n = 19), primary offenders (n = 25) and non-offenders (n = 30). Our results, tested with nonparametric statistics and Monte Carlo method, revealed that there were no executive differences between both groups of offenders but, when compared with non-offenders, the recidivists showed a worse performance in Trail Making Test part B, and the primary offenders presented a significant lower score on Porteus Maze Test Age score. This study suggests that there can be a different pattern of executive functioning deficits associated with the offenders’ criminal record: recidivism may be more related to mental flexibility impairments and primary offenders’ antisocial behaviour may be aggravated by planning deficits.     

基层公安机关刑事案件管辖模式比较研究

打击刑事犯罪是公安机关的主要职能之一。对基层公安机关刑事案件的管辖问题进行研究,将有利于在现有公安编制不变的条件下,最大限度地提高基层公安机关打击犯罪的职能作用和管理效率。而在我国的基层公安机关中,承担主要刑事案件破案职责的是基层刑侦部门(即刑警队)和派出所。因此,对目前我国比较具有代表性的"所队刑事案件管辖模式"进行较为深入地剖析和探讨,将对不同地区的基层公安机关在刑事案件管辖模式的选择问题上有所裨益,并且有利于最大限度地提高基层公安机关的管理效能。     

论程序参与原则在刑事诉讼管辖中的制度实现－兼论刑事诉讼管辖中的当事人权利保障

程序参与是诉讼主体理论在刑事诉讼中的贯彻与反映,是落实诉讼民主,维持诉讼结构平衡的现实需要。把握程序参与原则的内涵和实质要求并予以程序实现,也是管辖冲突的有效解决与管辖制度完善应予解决的问题。在管辖制度设置上应为当事人提供足够的程序参与机会,保证诉讼当事人及其代表对管辖事项的知情权,在管辖权确定过程中赋予诉讼当事人一定的异议权,在管辖权确定程序产生相关裁定或决定后,应该赋予诉讼当事人相关的救济途径。     

刑法教义学研究的中国主体性

刑法教义学既包括教义学方法,也包括教义学知识;教义学方法是无国界的,但教义学知识是对一国现行有效的法律所作的解释,因而是有国界的。德日刑法关于共同犯罪的规定表明,共犯的定罪与量刑均取决于正犯,因而决定了其共犯理论必须采取实质客观说以区分正犯与共犯;而中国刑法关于共同犯罪的规定表明,共同犯罪的定罪与量刑是截然可分的不同层次,因而在正犯与共犯的区分上采取形式客观说就足以解决问题。中国刑法和德日刑法对侵占罪规定的成立要件并不相同,"拒不退还"、"拒不交出"在中国的侵占罪中是一种客观处罚条件,是独立的行为要件,因而不能将其融入"非法占为已有"的含义之中。中国的刑法教义学研究必须清醒地认识到,要以中国刑法的规定为研究的逻辑起点并受其严格约束;要真正构建中国的刑法教义学,必须唤起研究者的主体意识。